Chapter 6 --- 6.4~6.4.3.2

6.4 Control and regulation of PS and F0 in phonological phenomena

6.4.1 Overview

1. Various studies about Ps and f0 are overviewed in this part.

2. The main study in this chapter was disigned to revisit some issues concerning:
- the relation between Ps, f0, and intensity;
- changes in Ps related to teh production of segments, particularly trills;
- the effect of changes in Ps and intensity on f0


6.4.2 Experimental procedure

1. Experimental units:
- O.R.L unit of the Hospital Erasme of the Universite Libre de Bruxelles
- Physiologia workstation

2. Measurement:
- intraoral pressure was measured by a small plastic tube that was inserted through the nasal cavity into the oropharynx
- Ps was measured with a needle inserted in the trachea (the needle was placed after local anaesthesia with 2 % Xylocaine was administered)
- Pitch was computed by the COMB method


6.4.3 Experimetns on Ps, intensity , and the control of f0

6.4.3.1 Sustained vowels

Result 1:
- Speakers were able to control f0 independently of Ps and intensity during the production of sustained vowels

Result 2:
- for a certain pitch level, the relationship between Ps and intensity varies across vowerls, suggesting that there might be a relative intrinsic intensity corresponding to each vowel and that there is a clear correlation between Ps and intensity


6.4.3.2 Consonants: Ps and trills

Result:
1. male subject
- used the voiced uvular trill [R] frequently and the voiced uvular fricative as the main variant

2. female subject
- tended to usethe voiceless fricative [x] as the main variant with some voiced fricative realizations