Questions and sub-questions in phonology (overlappings)

3. Why do we have different dialects and languages?
A. How and why does pronunciation change over time?
a. How can we account for common patterns in diverse languages?
b. Why do we have different forms of the same word or morpheme in different contexts?
B. Why do we have accents since we have the same articulatory organs?


7. How is sound associate with meanings?


8. How did language and speech arise or evolve in our species?
A. Why is the vocal apparatus different as a function of the age and sex of the speaker?
B. What is the relation, if any, between human speech and non-human communication?
a. Is it possible to communicate with animals if we knew their sound meanings?

Important questions in phonology for me

Q1: What is phonology?

Q2: How do sounds relate to meanings?

Q3: Why do people have accents since we have the same articulatory organs?

Q4: Is it possible to communicate with animals if we knew their sound meanings?

Q5: How do phonologists contribute to human civilization?

Q6: What are the current and latest phonological studies in the world?

Q7: What are the methods that we can use in doing phonological research?

Q8: What is the whole picture of phonology history?


Overlappings between my questions and the questions in the textbook: 3 (Q. 2,3,4)

Grounded Phonology

Related Grounded Phonology Articles:

1. Grounded Phonology
Diana Archangeli and Douglas Pulleyblank

2. Chinese Affixal Phonology: some Analytical and Theoretical Issues
Yen-Hwei Lin. Michigan State University.

3. Remarks and Replies: The Directionality of Emphasis Spread in Arabic.
Janet C. E. Watson

4. A Formal Functional Model of Tone
James Myers and Jane Tsay. National Chung Cheng University

5. A grounded account of voicing in obstruent clusters
Wouter Jansen – NWO/University of Groningen

6. Functional grounding inside the phonology: Evidence from positional augmentation
Jennifer L. Smith. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA

7. FORMALLY-GROUNDED PHONOLOGY
FROM CONSTRAINT-BASED THEORIES TO THEORY-BASED CONSTRAINTS*
Joaquim Brandão de Carvalho. Université René Descartes - Paris V

8. Natural and Unnatural Sound Patterns: A Pocket Field Guide
Juliette Blevins. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

9. An OT Account of Laryngealization in Cuzco Quechua
Steve Parker

10. Constraint Conjunction versus Grounded Constraint Subhierarchies in Optimality Theory
Jaye Padgett - University of California, Santa Cruz (Version July 29, 2002)

11. Embedded Structure and the Evolution of Phonology
J.C. Brown & Chris Golston.
University of British Columbia & California State University, Fresno

12. Perception of fricatives by Dutch and English speakers
Keith Johnson and Molly Babel. University of California, Berkeley
Jaye Padgett - University of California, Santa Cruz (Version July 29, 2002)

Sign Language Phonology

Related sign language phonology articles:

• Works with keyword "American Sign Language (ASL)

• Links to Sites About Sign Language

1. Sign Language Phonology.
Wendy Sandler. The University of Haifa.

2. Research on Sign Language of the Netherlands
Department of Linguistics, Radboud University Nijmegen

3. Taiwan Sign Language Research: A Historical Overview
Wayne H. Smith. Learning unlimited Language School

4. The first signs of language: phonological development in British Sign
Language
Gary Morgan, Sarah Barrett-Jones & Helen Stoneham. City University, London

5. SIGN LANGUAGE TUTORING TOOL
Oya Aran, Cem Keskin, Lale Akarun. Department of Computer Engineering, Bogazici University, Bebek

6. Phonological priming in British Sign Language
Matthew W. G. Dye and Shui-I Shih

7. Paving theWay to Sign Language Processing
Antˆonio Carlos da Rocha Costa and Grac¸aliz Pereira Dimuro
Escola de Inform´atica, Universidade Cat´olica de Pelotas

8. Sign Synthesis and Sign Phonology
Angus B. Grieve-Smith. Linguistics Department. University of New Mexico

9. Biology and behaviour: insights from the acquisition of sign language
Gary Morgan. Language and Communication Science. City University London.

10. SIGN LANGUAGE

11. Irish Sign Language

12. Framework for Instruction in American Sign Language
Virginia's Public Schools

Chpater 2---2.2 outline of “Tholantlang Lai Tonology”

2. Elicitation as Experimental Phonology

– Thlantlang Lai Tonology

2.2 outline of “Tholantlang Lai Tonology”

I. The data from Thlantlang dialect of Lai in Chin State, Burma.

- A monosyllabic language

- Falling tone (F), Rising tone (R), F/R tone

II. An alternation in Thlantlang dialect of Lai

- Falling tone becomes rising tone after ká (my)

- Find out the underlying forms:

a. F/R words are underlying /H/

H to HL / __ pause

b. R words are underlying /L/

L to LH / __ pause

- Contour tones:

a. All non-final tones must be either H or L

b. All final tones must be either falling or rising

c. Lag-IO(L): An input L should extend onto the following syllable

d. JUMP (UP): L tone cannot jumps to H tone

III. Question raised

- Why is /H/ realized LH after ká =my?

a. originally designated as F/R

b. H nouns are pronounced with any of surface tones.

c. Historical aspect: /H/ nouns have a /LH/ allomorph after pronominal proclitics.