Preface of 《The Psychology of Art》 (My Notes)

Preface of 《The Psychology of Art》 (My Notes)

1. The Psychology of Art which presented Vygotsky’s results of his work in the years 1915~1922 was published in 1926.

2. Vygotsky’s main analyses in this book were base on Krylov, on Hamlet, and on the composition of the short story.

3. Vygotsky’s purpose of this book was to reexamine the traditional psychology of art and to try to delineate a new field of investigation for objective psychology. And his goal was to offer a program, not a system.

4.
a) Vygotsky agreed with Lipps that aesthetics can be defined as a discipline of applied psychology.

b) Socialogical view of art with in Marxist (Plekhanov)

c) Vygotsky also shared Utitz 's view that art goes beyond the limits of aesthetics and even has features that are fundamentally different from aesthetics values, but that it begins with the aesthetic element and remains with it to the end.

d) Hennequin said a work of art as a combination of aesthetic symbols aimed at arousing emotion in people.

e) Müller Freienfels said that the psychologist of art resembles the biologist who can make a complete analysis of living matter and break it down into its component parts but is unable to recreate the living whole out of these parts or to discover the laws that govern this whole.

f) Spinoza

5. The central idea of the psychology of art, Vygotsky believed, was the recognition of the dominance of material over artistic form, or what amounts to the same thing, the acknowledgement in art of the social techniques of emotions.

6. The essence of the problem was: the theoretical and applied psychology of art should bring to light all the mechanisms that operate through art and should also provide the basis for all disciplines concerned with art.

7. Vygotsky thought that we should never be able to reconstruct authors’ psychology, and the psychology of his readers, but we can, by analyzing the art work, discover the psychological law on which it is based, the mechanism through which it acts; this we may call the psychology of a certain art work.

[新聞] 美研究：大腦對美的反應 男女有別

美研究：大腦對美的反應 男女有別
更新日期:2009/02/24 10:35

研究發現，人類大腦在接收到美的事物時可能出現的反應，男女有別。男性使用右腦來處理美，女性則是用全腦來做這個工作。（夏明珠報導）

美其實是非常主觀的，大家不是常說，情人眼裏出西施，不過，大家也知道，兩性在美的認知上，確實存在某些差異，這種差異究竟從何而來，研究有新的發現。

加州大學的研究團隊使用磁振造影技術，記錄20個實驗對象在看到美麗的畫作，以及醜陋的城市相片時，腦部產生的變化，它們發現兩性對於美的反應，有很明顯的差異。

女性在接收到美的事物時，多半是用整個腦來反應，男性多數時間，只使用右腦。
研究人員說，這種差異可能和男性與女性腦部處理空間資訊的方法不同有關，而且這樣的差異可能是人類特有的。

腦部的認知功能，男女有別，這是早就知道的。在面對美的事物時，這樣的差異又如何陳現。研究發現，女性在接觸視覺目標的時候，腦部會把它和語言做連結，男性則比較專注在物體的空間樣貌上。研究人員解釋說，它有可能和人類進化過程中，兩性在社會角色上漸漸產生的分別有關。

人類是一種複雜的動物，還好拜科學日新月異之賜，我們才得以對許多知其然，不知其所以然的本性有更多了解。

資料來源: 中廣新聞網

Thought and Language (中英文版目錄對照)

Thought and Language

by Lev Semenovich Vygotsky

Introduction, Jerome S. Bruner

Translator's Preface (Eugenia Hanfmann)

Authour's Preface

俄文版原序

中文版譯序

英文版序言

英文版譯序

Chapter 1: The Problem and the Approach
第一章 : 問題與方法

Chapter 2: Piaget's Theory of Child Language and Thought
第二章 : 皮亞傑關於兒童語言和思維的理論

Chapter 3: Stern's Theory of Language Development
第三章 : 斯特恩的語言發展理論

Chapter 4: The Genetic Roots of Thought and Speech
第四章 : 思維和語言的發生之源

Chapter 5: An Experimental Study of Concept Formation
第五章 : 概念形成的實驗研究

Chapter 6: The Development of Scientific Concepts in Childhood
第六章 : 童年時期科學概念的發展

Chapter 7: Thought and Word
第七章 : 思維與語言

Bibilography
參考文獻

Index